26: Tides of History: How Latin Became the Romance Languages
Dec 14, 2017
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Explore the transformation of Latin into the Romance languages and the linguistic diversity within the Roman Empire. Discuss the evolution of language through speeches and texts from different centuries. Learn about the changes and variations in Latin language during the Roman Empire and the impact of the fall of the Roman Empire on the diversity of the Romance languages.
50:43
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Quick takeaways
Latin spread throughout the Roman Empire due to military and economic expansion, leading to the emergence of various regional and social variations.
The transition from Latin to Romance languages was a slow process, with changes in spoken language influenced by the evolution of regional Romance varieties over centuries.
Deep dives
Latin as the Legacy of the Roman Empire
Latin and its descendants, the Romance languages, are one of the Roman Empire's great legacies to the world. Latin spread throughout the Roman Empire due to military and economic expansion. By the second century AD, Latin was spoken all over the empire. Latin's descendants, such as Spanish and Portuguese, have hundreds of millions of speakers, while other Romance languages have smaller speaker populations.
Language Change in the Roman Empire
Latin continued to evolve within the Roman Empire, with various regional and social variations. Language change occurred in pronunciation, word meanings, syntax, and orthography. These changes often occurred within particular social groups or regions, spreading through contagion or hierarchical diffusion. Despite these variations, Latin speakers across the empire could still understand each other due to constant movement and interaction within the Roman Empire.
The Shift from Latin to Romance
The distinction between Latin and Romance languages gradually emerged, marked by the transformation and diversification of Latin into regional Romance varieties. While Latin remained the written standard, the spoken language started evolving independently. The written standard obscured the changes in the spoken language, but regional accents, vocabulary, and sound shifts persisted. The distinction between Latin and the emerging Romance languages wasn't clearly defined until the 9th century.
The Emergence of Romance Languages
The transition from Latin to Romance languages was a slow process, happening over centuries. While the written Latin standard continued to be used, changes in spoken language influenced by the evolution of regional Romance varieties started to appear. The emergence of Romance languages wasn't sudden, and there was no clear divide. Instead, a dialect continuum formed where neighboring villages and towns had similar speech patterns, while major differences were noticeable between more distant regions.
How did Latin splinter into the Romance languages? In this episode, we explore how Latin transformed from a single, widely dispersed language into a series - French, Spanish, Portuguese, Italian, Romanian, and so on - of related but no longer mutually intelligible tongues.
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