Scientists are on the hunt for elusive dark matter, using cutting-edge tools and techniques to detect this mysterious substance. With no luck so far, they explore new ideas and technologies at a recent scientific meeting. Will they finally uncover the secrets of dark matter and its profound impact on the universe?
Dark matter constitutes around 25% of the universe and is essential for galaxy formation.
Scientists are using advanced tools like particle detectors and gamma ray observations to detect dark matter.
Deep dives
The Mystery of Dark Energy and Dark Matter
Most of the universe, around 70%, is made of dark energy, pushing space apart. Around 25% is dark matter, crucial for forming galaxies and the universe's structure. Scientists are yet to find dark matter due to its inability to emit light, but various methods like particle detectors and gamma ray observations are being used to detect it.
Innovative Approaches to Dark Matter Detection
Researchers are employing diverse techniques such as indirect detection with instruments like the Fermi Large Area Telescope and deep underground experiments at facilities like SNOLAB in Canada. The search for dark matter includes measuring gamma rays and using detectors like CCD and scintillating chambers to identify potential interactions.
Advancements in Dark Matter Detection
Projects like SuperCDMS, using cold detectors the size of hockey pucks, aim to detect lower mass dark matter particles below 10 GEV. The Xenon experiment in Italy is based on a tank of liquid xenon to detect dark matter interactions. Scientists are striving to reduce the expansive possibilities of dark matter through precision measurements.
Future Perspectives on Dark Matter Discovery
Despite challenges and vast parameter spaces, scientists remain optimistic about finding dark matter in the next decade. The Large Hadron Collider at CERN plays a crucial role in potentially producing dark matter particles for detection. Collaborative international efforts and advancements in technology are key to unraveling the mystery of dark matter in the coming years.
Dark matter is thought to make up around a quarter of the universe, but so far it has eluded detection by all scientific instruments. Scientists know it must exist because of the ways galaxies move and it also explains the large-scale structure of the modern universe. But no-one knows what dark matter actually is.
Scientists have been hunting for dark matter particles for decades, but have so far had no luck. At the annual meeting of the American Association for the Advancement of Science, held recently in Denver, a new generation of researchers presented their latest tools, techniques and ideas to step up the search for this mysterious substance. Will they finally detect the undetectable?
Host: Alok Jha, The Economist’s science and technology editor. Contributors: Don Lincoln, senior scientist at Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory; Christopher Karwin, a fellow at NASA’s Goddard Space Flight Center; Josef Aschbacher, boss of the European Space Agency; Michael Murra of Columbia University; Jodi Cooley, executive director of SNOLAB; Deborah Pinna of University of Wisconsin and CERN.
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