Researchers discover a way to grow a difficult-to-study parasite in vitro, potentially advancing understanding of it. Other intriguing topics include VR goggles for mice, coffee grinding consistency, rise of highly productive authors, and the search for the world's longest protein. Tune in for engaging discussions!
A new method has been developed to cultivate a crucial part of the Toxoplasma gondii parasite's life cycle in the lab, allowing for further research without the need for cats.
Genome sequencing has identified potentially giant proteins in omnitrophotia bacteria, offering insight into their role in predation and the need for further investigation.
Deep dives
New Method Developed to Cultivate Toxoplasma without Cats
Toxoplasmosis, a parasitic disease caused by Toxoplasma gondii, affects a significant portion of the global population. Researchers have long struggled to study the sexual stages of the parasite's life cycle due to the need to infect cats. However, a new method developed by Ali Hakimi and his colleagues at Inserm in France allows the cultivation of a critical part of the parasite's life cycle in the lab, without the use of cats. By manipulating specific genes, they were able to grow pre-sexual merozoites, which closely resemble those grown in cat cells. This breakthrough not only eliminates the need for cats, but also opens up opportunities for further research into toxoplasma and its complex life cycle.
Potential Predatory Proteins Discovered in Omnitrophotia Bacteria
Omnitrophotia bacteria, known for their small size, may possess giant proteins that play a role in predation. Genome sequencing has revealed the presence of potentially enormous proteins, with one gene sequence encoding a protein of 85,000 amino acids, more than double the length of the previous longest protein. Through computational analysis, researchers identified functional segments of these proteins, including cell wall binding regions and enzymatic activity associated with sugar breakdown. Other studies have observed omnitrophotia bacteria exhibiting predatory behavior towards other microbes. However, further investigation is needed to confirm the existence and function of these potentially massive proteins and their role in the bacterial predation process.
The Quest for Understanding the World's Largest Proteins
Scientists are exploring the possibility of discovering the largest protein ever recorded. The current record-holder, Titan, comprises 35,000 amino acids found in muscles. However, researchers studying phylum bacteria omnitrophotia have identified gene sequences that could potentially encode proteins that surpass Titan in size. While challenges exist in predicting the structure and existence of these proteins, functional segments have been identified, suggesting potential roles in predation. Further investigations, including cryo-electron microscopy, are required to visualize and confirm the existence and configuration of these potentially enormous proteins. Unraveling the mysteries of these giant proteins could provide insights into microbial predation and open up new avenues for scientific inquiry.
00:48 A new way to grow a tricky parasite in the lab
Toxoplasma gondii, the parasite that causes the zoonotic disease toxoplasmosis, has a complex, multi-stage life cycle. Some of these stages will only grow in the intestines of cats, making it difficult to study. Now, a team has found a way to grow one of these stages in vitro for the first time, which they hope will help researchers learn more about this parasite, estimated to have infected around 30% of the world’s population.