Hegelian Dialectics: Contradiction, Marxism, & the Freudian Unconscious
Oct 22, 2019
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Todd McGowan, a professor and author of "Emancipation After Hegel: Achieving a Contradictory Revolution," dives into the nuances of Hegelian philosophy. He uncovers the often-misunderstood role of contradiction in dialectics and its implications for Marxism. The conversation highlights how Freudian psychoanalysis enriches Hegel’s ideas, and how embracing contradictions can drive societal progress rather than impede it. McGowan also discusses the impact of the French Revolution on Hegel's theories of freedom and equality, challenging listeners to reconsider their understanding of these complex philosophies.
Hegel's philosophy emphasizes contradiction as a foundational concept, crucial for understanding political discourse and revolutionary practice.
The complexity of Hegel's ideas is often misunderstood, particularly regarding the role of contradiction in dialectical reasoning.
Hegel argues for the state as essential in shaping individual subjectivity, challenging anarchist perspectives on freedom and collective identity.
Deep dives
The Motivation Behind Writing Emancipation After Hegel
The author wrote 'Emancipation After Hegel' motivated by a desire to present Hegel as a political thinker who emphasizes contradiction as a foundational concept. Unlike many existing works that overlook this aspect, the author aimed to fill the gap and articulate a left-wing approach to Hegel's philosophy. For 15 years, the author persevered in developing a framework that adequately addresses the inadequacies in interpreting Hegel’s work. This commitment highlights the significance of Hegel's dialectical method and the necessity of acknowledging contradictions in political discourse.
Understanding Contradiction in Everyday Life
Contradiction is defined not merely as opposition but as the manifestation of conflicting states within identity, demonstrating how individuals can embody different facets simultaneously. An example illustrates this, as the speaker reflects on their transformation over time—from a fundamentalist viewpoint to a more progressive stance—showing both continuity and change. Political examples, such as the feminist critique of patriarchal roles, further emphasize that seemingly contradictory positions can coexist in society. Recognizing these contradictions is essential for understanding personal and collective identities in a broader political context.
Hegel's Misunderstood Philosophy
The widespread misinterpretation of Hegel arises primarily from the challenges of his writing style and the complexity of his ideas, particularly regarding contradiction. Unlike the common perception of saying ‘thesis, antithesis, synthesis,’ Hegel emphasized the importance of understanding how a position follows its own logic and often exposes its inherent contradictions. This nuanced approach showcases how attempts to resolve issues can reveal deeper contradictions rather than provide straightforward solutions. By actively engaging with the logic of a given argument, one can uncover layers of meaning that contribute to a more profound understanding of Hegelian thought.
Exploring the Role of the State in Hegelian Thought
In Hegel's view, the state plays a crucial role in shaping human freedom, making it essential for the emergence of individual subjectivity. This perspective challenges anarchist ideologies that reject the state, as Hegel posits that subjectivity cannot exist without a collective formation, exemplified by the state’s structure. By asserting that the collective precedes isolated individuals, Hegel reframes political discourse, paving the way for a more comprehensive understanding of freedom and equality. This foundational role of the state also highlights a distinction between right and left interpretations of Hegel's philosophy in contemporary political thought.
The Continued Relevance of Contradiction
Hegel’s concept of contradiction serves as a guiding principle for engaging with revolutionary practice and anti-capitalist sentiments. Rather than aspiring to eliminate contradictions, which is seen as a conservative impulse, the focus should be on navigating and sustaining them within societal structures. Understanding that contradictions will always exist allows for a more realistic approach to political organizing and revolutionary activities. By emphasizing this acceptance of contradiction, individuals can work towards less intractable issues and foster a deeper engagement with the complexities of political life.
Todd McGowan, professor and author of "Emancipation After Hegel: Achieving a Contradictory Revolution" as well as co-host of the philosophy podcast "Why Theory", joins Breht to talk about the many misunderstandings of Hegelian philosophy, the history of Left and Right Hegelianism, the role that contradiction plays in the dialectic, what a Freudian understanding of the mind lends to Hegel's philosophy, Marxism as a deviation from Hegelianism, and much, much more!
Our logo was made by BARB, a communist graphic design collective: @Barbaradical
Intro music by Captain Planet.
--------------- This podcast is affiliated with: The Nebraska Left Coalition, Omaha Tenants United, Socialist Rifle Association (SRA), Feed The People - Omaha, and the Marxist Center.
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