"Quand deux peuples se rencontrent, ils se battent souvent, se métissent toujours" disait Léopold Sédar Senghor

Dans cet ouvrage, Edward W. Said examine comment l'Occident a construit une image de l'Orient à travers des siècles de domination culturelle et politique. Il soutient que ces représentations sont souvent dédaigneuses et servent les intérêts des puissances impérialistes. L'ouvrage a eu un impact profond sur la théorie littéraire, la critique culturelle et les études postcoloniales.

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Published in 1950, 'Discours sur le colonialisme' is a powerful critique of European colonialism. Césaire argues that colonialism is not a benevolent or civilizing mission but rather a self-serving, exploitative system that dehumanizes both the colonized and the colonizers. He highlights the hypocrisy of colonialism, pointing out that it creates two major problems: the problem of the proletariat and the colonial problem. Césaire also draws parallels between colonial violence and the atrocities committed by Hitler, emphasizing that colonialism is a form of dehumanization rooted in racism and economic exploitation. The essay is a foundational text of postcolonial literature and continues to influence discussions on colonialism and its legacy.