#41 Debunking the “Pagan” Roots of Marian Devotion - Joe Heschmeyer
Sep 7, 2023
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Joe Heschmeyer, an expert in Catholic apologetics, debunks the claim that prayers to Mary and the Saints have pagan origins. He explores the biblical and historical evidence, challenges Protestant beliefs, and discusses the intercession of saints in the afterlife. Heschmeyer also addresses the issue of interpreting the Bible, highlights the origins of Marian devotion, and clarifies a misinterpreted quotation regarding the involvement of saints in our lives.
Devotion to the saints, including Mary, can be traced back to the early years of the Church, with the early Christians venerating them as examples and seeking their companionship and discipleship.
Arguments from silence regarding the origins of prayer to Mary and the saints are weak, as early writings reflect a high view of Mary and veneration of the saints, indicating an early devotion to their intercession.
Devotion to the saints, including Mary, can be understood as a response to pagan practices rather than borrowing from paganism itself, with the veneration of the saints emerging as a way to honor their heroic faith and seek their intercession.
Deep dives
Emergence of Devotion to the Saints
Devotion to the saints, including Mary, can be traced back to the early years of the Church. The early Christians revered the martyrs and sought their intercession, preserving their relics and celebrating their feast days. Evidence suggests that prayers to Mary and the saints were present in the mid-200s. The early Christians did not worship the saints, but venerated them as examples and sought their companionship and discipleship. This devotion to the saints, including Mary, emerged as a natural outgrowth of the fight against paganism, with the martyrs serving as powerful examples of faith and advocates for the faithful.
The Argument from Silence
Arguments from silence regarding the origins of prayer to Mary and the saints are weak due to the limited documentary evidence from the early years of the Church. The lack of explicit mentions of such prayers does not necessarily disprove their existence, especially considering the small Christian population and the limited preservation of writings from that time. Additionally, early writings, like the martyrdom of Polycarp, reflect a high view of Mary and veneration of the saints, indicating a early devotion to their intercession.
The Anti-Pagan Hypothesis
Devotion to the saints, including Mary, can be understood as a response to pagan practices rather than borrowing from paganism itself. The veneration of the saints, particularly the martyrs, emerged as a way to honor their heroic faith and seek their prayers and intercession. This devotion grew over time and expanded to include the confessors and those who exemplified holiness. Therefore, it is not accurate to claim that devotion to the saints was a compromise with paganism, but rather a natural outgrowth and response to the fight against paganism.
The Development of Veneration
As the early Church transitioned from persecution to freedom, the focus on the saints shifted from the martyrs to the confessors and those who lived lives of virtue and sanctity. Devotion to the saints, including Mary, expanded and deepened over time, but evidence suggests that it had its roots in the early years of the Church. This development was not a departure from Christian principles, but rather a natural response to the examples set by the martyrs and other holy individuals.
Praying to the Martyrs in Early Christianity
In early Christianity, there was a practice of praying to the martyrs who had been slain for their faith. This practice was not based on pagan beliefs, but rather on the internal logic of Christianity. It was believed that there was a communion between the martyrs who had already died and those who were facing martyrdom, creating a sense of unity and justice. Early church historians like J and D Kelly have noted that the commemoration of martyrs in liturgy allowed believers to honor them and seek their intercession with God. The prayers and intercessions of the martyrs were seen as particularly efficacious since they were closer to God.
Misunderstandings of Origin and Augustine's views on Praying to Saints
Some proponents of the pagan hypothesis misinterpret the views of early church fathers like Origin and Augustine when it comes to praying to the saints. For example, Origin's speculative ponderings about the saints' interaction with the earthly Church were taken out of context and misrepresented. Origin clearly affirmed the intercession and prayer of the saints, whereas Augustine made a distinction between the worship due only to God and the honor given to saints. Augustine explicitly stated that prayers should be offered to God alone, and the honor given to the martyrs and saints, including prayers at their tombs, was to excite emulation and seek their assistance. These fathers clearly distinguished between worship and honor, rejecting any notion of worshiping the saints.