Part One: Israeli & International Solidarity with Palestinian Struggle
Dec 11, 2023
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Matt Lieb, an anti-zionist Jew and advocate for Palestinian rights, talks about solidarity with the Palestinian struggle, reflections on activism and arrests, anti-Zionist movements in the Jewish community, the first intifada, the one-state and two-state solutions, legislation and implications, human shielding, and a murder case. They also discuss social media, writing, and promote other podcasts.
The First Intifada was a grassroots movement driven by Palestinian community councils to resist Israeli occupation and demand self-determination.
The Oslo Accords failed to address key issues, leading to increased tensions and the second Intifada.
The rise of Hamas and the International Solidarity Movement showcased different approaches to resistance against Israeli occupation.
Deep dives
Overview of the First Intifada
The First Intifada, which means shaking off, was a Palestinian uprising against Israeli occupation that began in 1987. It was a grassroots movement driven by community councils and aimed to resist Israeli policies and military presence in Palestine. The Palestinians demanded an end to Israeli settlements, protested against human rights abuses, and pushed for self-determination. While the First Intifada was relatively peaceful compared to later uprisings, it resulted in the death of thousands of Palestinians and Israelis.
Failure of the Oslo Accords
The Oslo Accords were an attempt to bring peace to the region by establishing a two-state solution. However, the negotiations failed to address key issues, such as the right of return for Palestinian refugees and the control of Jerusalem. Israel offered a limited Palestinian state in exchange for maintaining control over strategic areas, settlements, and borders. The Palestinians rejected this proposal, as it did not meet their demands for sovereignty, access to resources, and freedom of movement. The failure of the Oslo Accords ultimately led to increased tensions and set the stage for the second Intifada.
The Second Intifada
The second Intifada was a more violent uprising that began in 2000 and was marked by increased clashes between Palestinians and Israelis. While the Israeli government frames it as a violent Palestinian uprising, the roots of the second Intifada can be traced back to the failures of the Oslo Accords, ongoing Israeli occupation, and the increased settlement expansion. The violent resistance during this period was led by various groups, including Islamic organizations, and saw a higher casualty ratio with Palestinians outnumbering Israelis in terms of deaths. The second Intifada was a manifestation of Palestinians' frustration and resistance against ongoing occupation and Israeli policies.
The Rise of Hamas and Strategic Nonviolence
The Second Intifada witnessed the rise of Hamas as a popular movement, with its support increasing from 10% to 17% among Palestinians. While Hamas has received criticism for its tactics, the organization offers a quid pro quo agreement to Israel to cease targeting civilians, which Israel consistently refuses. At the same time, there were grassroots movements focusing on strategic nonviolence, such as the International Solidarity Movement (ISM) and the Popular Assemblies. These movements involved both Palestinians and international volunteers who engaged in nonviolent direct actions, such as protecting civilians, forming human chains, and defending Palestinian farmers from settlers and soldiers. They acted as human shields and witnesses, challenging the Israeli occupation and advocating for Palestinian rights.
Israel's Response and Controversial Actions
Israel not only rejected the election of Hamas but also targeted these nonviolent activists. In 2003, Israel attempted to kill international volunteers from ISM, highlighting the risks they faced. Israeli authorities frame Hamas as using human shields, but in reality, these brave individuals voluntarily engage in acts of protection and solidarity. The actions of ISM and other organizations aimed to challenge Israeli policies, such as the construction of the security fence, or what some call the apartheid wall. As Israel continued to crack down on these movements and individuals, the conflict intensified, leading to a political climate where the left in Israeli society became further isolated, while right-wing forces gained power under Prime Minister Benjamin Netanyahu.
Margaret talks with Matt Lieb about the anti-zionist Jews and others who have thrown in their lot with the Palestinian people in their struggle against an apartheid state and genocide.