Tim Jackson, a British ecological economist known for his work on post-growth economics, dives into the complex relationship between economic growth and environmental sustainability. He critiques traditional growth models, arguing for a shift towards policies that prioritize ecological balance and human well-being. The conversation also covers Bhutan's Gross National Happiness index, showcasing its innovative approach to measuring progress, as well as discussing the disconnection many feel between GDP growth and actual happiness in their lives.
The podcast critiques the traditional view of economic growth as a marker of success, arguing it leads to environmental degradation and suggests a paradigm shift toward sustainability.
It introduces Bhutan's Gross National Happiness index as a model for measuring success beyond GDP, focusing on well-being and ecological limits instead.
Deep dives
The Critique of Economic Growth
The podcast discusses the prevailing notion that economic growth is synonymous with success for nations, highlighting how this perspective is being challenged by climate change. Critics argue that continuous growth leads to overconsumption and environmental degradation, which threatens the planet's health. In light of these concerns, the UN Climate Agency has suggested reducing consumer demand to address carbon emissions, aligning with degrowth theory, which advocates for shrinking economies in wealthier nations. Tim Jackson, an ecological economist featured in the episode, emphasizes that a relentless pursuit of growth is unsustainable, particularly on a finite planet.
Post-Growth Economics Explained
Post-growth economics proposes a fundamental shift in how economies operate by prioritizing human well-being over perpetual growth. This approach advocates establishing environmental limits to ensure that economic activities do not exceed ecological capacities. By recognizing that the traditional macroeconomic focus on growth overlooks health, quality of life, and social relationships, Jackson argues for a new economic framework that emphasizes balance and sustainability. This shift also involves rethinking consumerism, which often undermines genuine fulfillment and social connections.
Reevaluating Measures of Success
The episode explores alternative measures of national success beyond Gross Domestic Product (GDP), as critics highlight its limitations, particularly regarding environmental and social factors. An example is Bhutan's Gross National Happiness index, which assesses well-being through various non-material factors, including emotional well-being. The discussion reveals how traditional economic measures often fail to account for issues such as unpaid labor and environmental degradation, raising questions about the effectiveness of GDP as a benchmark for progress. As society considers the inadequacies of GDP, there's a call for a broader framework that truly reflects human and planetary well-being.
Climate change is raising questions about a central tenet of economics – growth. Host Carmel Crimmins is joined by economist Tim Jackson to talk consumerism and the environment and what “post growth” might look like. Plus, we hear from the person who compiles Bhutan’s Gross National Happiness index.
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