William Hague on Taiwan and the fight for the world’s most critical technology
May 26, 2024
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Exploring the pivotal role of Taiwan in chip production for the tech sector, and the global competition between China and the US. Delving into the complex process of semiconductor manufacturing and the strategic importance of Taiwan. The potential economic implications of a crisis in Taiwan for global supply chains and the rivalry between the US and China in the chip industry.
Taiwan's dominance in chip manufacturing poses geopolitical risks due to global supply chain dependency.
Potential disruptions in Taiwanese chip production could lead to catastrophic disruptions in global manufacturing and economies.
Deep dives
Importance of Chips in Modern Life
Chips play a vital role in modern life, being integral to various everyday devices like dishwashers, cars, airplanes, agricultural equipment, and even phones and computers. These silicon-based chips contain circuits that process data and drive technological advancements. The advancement of chip technology involves making circuits smaller to increase data processing capacity, with costs ranging from pennies to tens of thousands of dollars, depending on complexity.
Critical Role of TSMC and Taiwan in Chip Manufacturing
Taiwan, specifically TSMC (Taiwan Semiconductor Manufacturing Company), holds a crucial position in global chip production. TSMC's unique business model of solely focusing on chip manufacturing without design components helped it become the largest and most advanced chip maker globally. Around 90% of advanced processors worldwide and almost all high-end chips for AI are produced by TSMC, showcasing Taiwan's dominance in the chip industry.
Geopolitical Implications of Taiwan's Chip Manufacturing
Taiwan's significance in chip manufacturing poses geopolitical risks due to its dependency on global supply chains. With Taiwan producing a significant portion of the world's chips, any disruption, such as a blockade or crisis, could lead to catastrophic disruptions in global manufacturing, resulting in economic turmoil akin to the Great Depression. While efforts are being made to reduce reliance on Taiwanese chips, the impact of a potential crisis on global economies is substantial and concerning.
Our modern world is built on chips; they control everything from our cars to the stock market, dishwashers to missile systems, computers to - potentially soon - augmented humans. But with China and America battling for control over production - and about ninety percent of advanced chips made in geo-politically sensitive Taiwan - how secure is the future of our world?
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Guest: Chris Miller, author of Chip War: the Fight for the World's Most Critical Technology and Professor of International History at Tufts University in Boston.