Jacobin Radio Long Reads: Western Sahara’s Struggle for Freedom w/ Jacob Mundy (Part 2)
Jan 15, 2026
In a deep dive with Jacob Mundy, a peace and conflict studies professor at Colgate University, this discussion unpacks the tumultuous history of Western Sahara. Mundy shares insights on Morocco's 1975 invasion, the refugee crisis, and the early military successes of the Polisario. He explores the complexities of international support, including the roles of Algeria and Libya. The podcast also addresses the impact of U.S. policies, such as the 2020 recognition of Moroccan sovereignty, and the implications for ongoing conflicts and regional dynamics.
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Early Invasion, Refugees, And Guerrilla Strength
- Morocco's 1975 invasion and subsequent bombing provoked massive Sahrawi displacement and refugee flows to Algeria.
- Polisario combined deserters, trained colonial policemen, and guerrilla tactics to mount an effective resistance early on.
The Wall Changed The War
- Morocco's construction of 2,700 km of sand walls transformed the war by restricting Polisario movement and securing key economic areas.
- The walls split territory, leaving Polisario a small eastern zone while Morocco held most population centers and resources.
Outside Powers Tilted The Conflict
- External patrons shifted the balance: Algeria backed Polisario while the U.S., Saudi aid, and later Israel supported Morocco.
- Monarchical solidarity and Cold War dynamics kept Morocco supplied and politically shielded.
