The Partially Examined Life Philosophy Podcast Episode 200: Kant/Mendelssohn/Foucault on Enlightenment (Part One)
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Oct 8, 2018 Explore the fascinating evolution of Enlightenment ideas through the works of Kant, Mendelssohn, and Foucault. Hear reflections on the journey to 200 recordings, mixed with lighthearted banter. The discussion dives into the modern relevancy of Enlightenment values like freedom of speech, touching on the challenges posed by censorship and societal norms. Ethical implications of independent thinking and governance are also examined, sparking debates about authority and individual autonomy in today’s world.
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Kant's Enlightenment Definition
- Kant defines enlightenment as breaking free from self-imposed immaturity by thinking for yourself.
- This contrasts with religious enlightenment, which often means receiving truth from an external divine source.
Enduring Superstition Despite Reform
- After 40 years of Frederick the Great's reforms, public superstition and fanaticism persisted.
- Kant and Mendelssohn questioned why enlightenment progress hadn’t broadly permeated society yet.
Mendelssohn's Enlightenment vs Cultivation
- Mendelssohn distinguishes enlightenment (theoretical knowledge) from cultivation (practical skill and refinement).
- Enlightenment relates more to mental understanding, while cultivation covers arts, manners, and social customs.
