

Bulent Gokay and Lily Hamourtziadou, "Human Costs of War: 21st Century Human (In)Security from 2003 Iraq to 2022 Ukraine" (Routledge, 2024)
Jul 28, 2025
Lily Hamourtziadou, a Senior Lecturer in International Relations and Security, delves into the human costs of conflict in her latest work. She emphasizes the emotional and physical toll of wars in Iraq and Ukraine, advocating for a human-centered approach over traditional state-centric narratives. The discussion highlights the gradual shift in global power dynamics, accountability in warfare, and the pressing challenges of environmental degradation. Listeners gain insight into the often-overlooked civilian perspective and the need for comprehensive security measures.
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Broader View of Human Security
- Human security differs from traditional state security by focusing on individual well-being rather than just protecting borders or military strength.
- Threats to security include poverty, oppression, and discrimination within even apparently secure states.
UK Terrorism Shift After Middle East Wars
- The UK experienced no Islamist terrorism before 2005; invasions in the Middle East increased terrorism risks domestically.
- Muslim communities in the UK felt less secure, showing states sometimes prioritize their interests over civilian security.
21st Century Wars Are Vastly Different
- Post-9/11 wars differ by their scale, duration, and international involvement compared to earlier conflicts.
- Technology exposes civilian impact of wars more than before, increasing public awareness and condemnation.