Dr Donatas Kupciunas and hosts discuss Baltic States, Ukraine, and Russia history, independence struggles, and geopolitical strategies. They explore Lithuanian Grand Duchy, Soviet incorporation impact, national identity struggles, unity against Russian behavior, and 2014 Ukraine revolution. The conversation also touches on citizenship issues, weaponization of history, and strained relationship between Russia and Ukraine.
The Baltic States' historical ties to Ukraine and Russian influence impact their support for Ukraine in diverting Russian attention.
Geopolitical rivalries and shared history shape the Baltic States' alignment with NATO against Russian dominance.
Deep dives
Baltic States History and Ukraine Crisis Context
The Baltic States share a historical arc with Ukraine, gaining independence in 1918, losing it in 1940, becoming part of the USSR until 1991. Geopolitics drives the Baltic support for Ukraine against Russian dominance, aiming to divert attention from the Baltic States. The region's shared history intertwines Lithuania, Poland, and Ukraine with a focus on geopolitical rivalries.
Commonwealth and Lithuanian-Polish Relations
In the 15th century, the Lithuanian Grand Duchy extended territory to the Black Sea but later declined. Lithuania and Poland united in 1569 forming the Lithuanian Polish Commonwealth, known for its unique constitution. The Commonwealth lost Kiev to Russia by the end of the 17th century. By 1795, the Commonwealth was partitioned among Russia, Prussia, and Austria, marking its end.
Formation of the Baltic States and Relations with Russia
Post-First World War, Russian oppression influenced Lithuanian identity. Lithuanian nationalists faced challenges in asserting ethnic identity amidst diverse communities. Administration in the Russian Empire included governorates, shaping Estonia and Latvia. Religion, especially Catholicism in Lithuania, played a role in national identity.
Russian Minority and Geopolitical Dynamics
Russian minorities in Baltic States express nuanced allegiances. Estonia and Latvia host substantial Russian populations affecting foreign policies. Civil unrest within the Baltic States due to Russian minorities is considered unlikely. Geopolitical alignment with NATO and shared fears of Russia contribute to Baltic-Russian relations.
Dr Donatas Kupciunas joins Ali and Suzanne to discuss their shared history and whether they will ever escape it.
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The hosts:
Suzanne Raine is an Affiliate Lecturer at the Centre for Geopolitics at Cambridge University. She served for 24 years in the British Foreign and Commonwealth Office on foreign policy and national security issues, including postings in Poland, Iraq and Pakistan. She specialised in counter-terrorism and was a senior member of the UK government assessment community. She is also a member of the Board of Trustees of the Imperial War Museum and the Royal United Services Institute (RUSI).
Ali Ansari is professor of Iranian History and Founding Director of the Institute for Iranian Studies at the University of St Andrews in the UK. He is also Senior Associate Fellow at the Royal United Services Institute.
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