New Books in Middle Eastern Studies

Gershom Gorenberg, "War of Shadows: Codebreakers, Spies, and the Secret Struggle to Drive the Nazis from the Middle East" (Public Affairs, 2021)

Jan 26, 2026
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INSIGHT

Axis Threat To The Middle East

  • The Axis nearly conquered the Middle East in 1942, driven by Rommel's rapid advance toward Alexandria.
  • Decoding and espionage decisions then determined whether the region fell or was defended.
INSIGHT

How Enigma Seemed Unbreakable

  • Enigma used rotating wired rotors to produce vast numbers of possible settings, making it seem unbreakable.
  • Polish mathematicians and later Bletchley Park teams reduced the problem and built methods to read German traffic daily.
INSIGHT

Turing’s Role In A Team Effort

  • Alan Turing designed machines to test many Enigma settings, but he worked as part of a team built on Polish breakthroughs.
  • Success depended on predictable German habits and collaborative engineering refinements.
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