Q&A: Shahan Mufti on the 1977 Siege of Washington, D.C.
Aug 27, 2023
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Shahan Mufti, author of 'American Caliph,' recounts the 1977 Hanafi Muslim siege in Washington, D.C. This podcast discusses the background of the group's leader, the movie about the prophet Muhammed that fueled the hostage-taking, and the tense negotiations that ultimately ended the siege.
The 1977 Hanafi Muslim siege in Washington, D.C. resulted in the death of a reporter, shooting of a councilman, and took 149 hostages.
Hamas Abdul Khales, the leader of the Hanafi Movement, had a complex background and intensified the siege due to his history and religious beliefs.
The news media played a significant role during the siege, being one of the first live terrorist events to be extensively covered, with journalists navigating their responsibilities and impacting the crisis's outcome.
Deep dives
The March 9, 1977 Hanafi Muslim siege in Washington, D.C.
On March 9, 1977, 12 Hanafi Movement gunmen seized three buildings in Washington, D.C., taking 149 hostages. The siege lasted for two days and resulted in the death of a young radio reporter named Maurice Williams, as well as the shooting of then-counselman Marion Barry. The siege was a largely forgotten event in history until author Shahan Muffty's book, 'American Caliph,' brought it to light.
Background of Hanafi Movement leader Hamas Abdul Khales
Hamas Abdul Khales was the leader of the Hanafi Movement and played a central role in the siege. Born in Gary, Indiana, Khales rose through the ranks of the Nation of Islam but eventually broke away and formed his own Hanafi group. He had a history of charismatic leadership and manipulation, and his complex background influenced his actions during the siege.
The significance of the Prophet Muhammad movie
The hostage-taking was triggered, in part, by a movie about the Prophet Muhammad that angered Khales. The movie, which featured images of the Prophet, crossed a taboo within Islamic culture. Khales saw it as a desecration of his religious beliefs and used it as a pretext to carry out the siege.
The role of the news media during the hostage situation
The news media played a significant role during the siege, as it was one of the first live terrorist events to be covered extensively. Journalists struggled to navigate their responsibilities in reporting the events and were thrust into dangerous situations. The media's coverage had the potential to escalate or diffuse the crisis, and their actions were closely watched by negotiators and the hostage-takers.
The resolution of the siege and the trial of Collis and the Hanafi members
The siege ended when three Muslim ambassadors, Jakub Khan, Ashraf Ghorbal, and Ardishir Zahidi, entered the Benai Breath building and negotiated with Khales. The hostages were eventually released, and Khales was arrested and put on trial. He and other Hanafi members were convicted on various charges, and Khales spent the rest of his life in jail.
Our guest is Shahan Mufti's, who's new book, American Caliph, recounts an event that's been lost to history-- the March 9th, 1977 Hanafi Muslim siege in Washington, D.C. That day, three buildings in Washington, D.C. were seized by 12 Hanafi Movement gunmen and were held for two days.
The group took 149 hostages, killed a young radio reporter named Maurice Williams, and shot then-councilman and future Washington D.C. mayor Marion Barry. Mr. Mufti describes the background of the group's leader, Hamas Abdul Khaalis, the blood feud between him and the Nation of Islam, a movie about the prophet Muhammed that fueled the hostage-taking, and the tense negotiations that ultimately ended the siege.