MCAT Basics (from MedSchoolCoach) Redox Reactions: Reduction and Oxidation
Mar 20, 2025
Dive into the fascinating world of redox reactions, where electrons are dynamically transferred between chemical species. Discover the roles of oxidizing and reducing agents, and what makes them effective. Learn about the oxidation states of molecules and key redox reagents in organic chemistry. Explore the significance of redox processes in biological systems, especially in metabolism and the electron transport chain. Plus, get tips on determining oxidation numbers and understanding electrochemical cells!
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Core Definition And Mnemonic
- Redox reactions transfer electrons: one species is oxidized and one is reduced.
- Memorize OIL RIG: oxidation is loss of electrons and reduction is gain of electrons.
Use Bond-Counting Shortcuts
- Use the shortcut: oxidation increases bonds to oxygen or decreases bonds to hydrogen; reduction is the opposite.
- Apply this to organic molecules to quickly decide if a carbon was oxidized or reduced.
Who Is The Agent?
- The species being oxidized acts as the reducing agent because it donates electrons.
- Conversely, the species being reduced is the oxidizing agent because it accepts electrons.