Naval Daver from MD Anderson Cancer Center leads an exciting discussion on the latest updates in the use of venetoclax-based regimens for the treatment of AML. Topics include the potential of azocididine and Venetoclax combination as a new standard of care, safety and feasibility of combination treatments, comparing regimens for AML patients, the dilemma of induction therapy, and ongoing studies and future directions in hematology.
The combination of azacitidine and Venetoclax shows improved overall survival and could become a new standard of care for older, unfit AML patients.
Combining Venetoclax with IDH inhibitors, flip three inhibitors, RAS inhibitors, and immunotherapy agents shows promising response rates in AML treatment.
Deep dives
Venetoclax and azacitidine combination improves overall survival in AML patients
The VLAA study, a confirmatory phase three study, showed that the combination of azacitidine and Venetoclax led to an improvement in overall survival in acute myeloid leukemia (AML) patients. The study, which included over 430 patients, demonstrated improved complete remission rates and composite remission rates compared to azacitidine alone. The combination also resulted in an extended median survival, making it a potential new standard of care for older, unfit AML patients. Safety concerns were addressed through monitoring, with no significant tumor lysis syndrome observed. The milder suppression associated with Venetoclax was manageable with appropriate management tools.
Low-dose RSC plus Venetoclax shows promise in AML
The combination of low-dose RSC (rasburicase, cytarabine, daunorubicin, etoposide) and Venetoclax has demonstrated significant improvement in response rates compared to low-dose RSC alone. Although the primary overall survival endpoint was not initially met, additional follow-up revealed an improvement in survival. This combination could be a viable option for older AML patients who do not have access to azacitidine as a backbone therapy. The response rates, particularly in patients without prior hypomethylating agent exposure, show potential, but the preference currently lies with azacitidine plus Venetoclax.
Future directions for Venetoclax-based therapies in AML
The use of Venetoclax in acute myeloid leukemia (AML) has opened up possibilities for various triple combination therapies and targeted approaches. These include combining Venetoclax with IDH inhibitors, flip three inhibitors, RAS inhibitors, and immunotherapy agents. Preliminary data shows promising response rates and manageable safety profiles. Ongoing clinical trials are exploring these combinations and their potential in improving remission duration and long-term outcomes. Determining the most suitable treatment for individual patients based on their biology, fitness, and risk factors will be crucial. The development of novel agents and a better understanding of resistance mechanisms in subgroups of patients, such as those with P53 mutations or signaling mutations, hold promise for further advancements in AML treatment.
The BCL-2 inhibitor venetoclax has been evaluated in many hematological malignancies, including acute myeloid leukemia (AML). More recently, emerging mechanisms of resistance and future directions of venetoclax in combination with hypomethylating agents and IDH inhibitors have been evaluated and data presented at EHA 2020, as well as SOHO 2020 has shown promising results in AML.
In this podcast, Naval Daver, of The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, leads an exciting discussion alongside Courtney DiNardo and Marina Konopleva, also from The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, as well as Andrew Wei of Monash University, Melbourne, Australia, on the latest updates in the use of venetoclax-based regimens for the treatment of AML.