How vulnerable are the undersea cables connecting us all?
Oct 9, 2024
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Nicole Starosielski, a UC Berkeley professor and author of The Undersea Network, and Frank Gardner, BBC's security correspondent, delve into the hidden world of undersea cables that underpin global communication. They reveal how these fragile cables, vital for internet connectivity, often suffer accidental damage and are vulnerable to sabotage amid geopolitical tensions. Notably, they discuss the havoc wreaked during Tonga’s volcanic eruption on communications and the urgent need for better protection against rising threats. Tune in for a fascinating exploration of our underwater lifelines!
Undersea cables, crucial for global communication, account for over 99% of international data transmission and are extremely fragile.
These cables face both accidental damage and intentional sabotage, highlighting the urgent need for enhanced security amid rising geopolitical tensions.
Deep dives
The Critical Role of Subsea Cables
Subsea cables are essential for global communication, as over 99% of international data transmission relies on them. These cables, which are thinner than a human hair and can be as inconspicuous as a garden hose, facilitate vital connections between continents, carrying everything from personal messages to governmental communications. The network not only supports daily activities like video calls and online shopping but also underpins critical financial and military systems. Understanding the significance of these cables emphasizes our reliance on a fragile infrastructure, where even minor disruptions can lead to widespread communication failures.
Vulnerabilities and Threats to Undersea Cables
Undersea cables are not only susceptible to accidental damage but also face threats from intentional sabotage amid rising geopolitical tensions. Incidents, such as the damage to cables during natural disasters or military activities, highlight these vulnerabilities. Countries have reported alleged sabotage on cables connecting various regions, revealing the strategic importance of these communication routes. As nations grapple with hybrid warfare tactics, the potential for targeted attacks on subsea infrastructure raises concerns about the future security of global communications.
The Future of Global Connectivity
The need for an adaptable communication infrastructure is becoming more critical as the risks to subsea cables increase. Combining traditional cables with emerging technologies, such as satellite systems, presents a pathway to diversify communication methods and enhance resilience against disruptions. Education and workforce development in the subsea sector are vital to sustaining this infrastructure and addressing future challenges. As reliance on undersea cables continues, fostering a new generation of professionals in this field will be essential to navigate the complexities of global connectivity in an evolving landscape.
In our age of wireless technology, it might be hard to believe that we’re all connected by a few hundred cables running along the sea bed.
From the memes we send to friends, to the intelligence used by the military, virtually all internet data between the continents travels along wires thinner than a human hair.
If they sound vulnerable, it’s because they are. On average a hundred are accidentally severed each year.
And security experts are warning they could be a target for military or terrorist sabotage.
Caitríona Perry speaks to Nicole Starosielski, professor at the University of California, Berkeley and author of The Undersea Network, who guides us through these secretive networks.
And our security correspondent Frank Gardener helps us understand how vulnerable they are.
Producers: Richard Moran and Alix Pickles
Sound engineers: Mike Regaard and Hannah Montgomery
Assistant editor: Sergi Forcada Freixas
Senior news editor: Sara Wadeson
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