Neo-Stoicism: Rethinking Emotions and Ethical Theory

Martha Nussbaum introduces the concept of neo-stoicism, which aims to build upon classical stoicism by integrating modern psychology and developmental theories. She argues that emotions should not be disregarded but rather understood and cultivated as valuable sources of information. Nussbaum emphasizes the importance of emotional capabilities in fostering moral thinking and expanding ethical horizons. She explores the emotions of compassion, highlighting its potential to enhance societal empathy and guide political policies. Nussbaum also distinguishes between shame and guilt, revealing the latter as a more productive and moral emotion. Additionally, she challenges traditional social contract theories and proposes a capabilities approach that focuses on maximizing human capabilities and accommodating diverse needs and circumstances.