Review: The Rise and Fall of Scottish Common Sense Realism by Douglas McDermid

In 'The Cave and the Light', Arthur Herman delves into the contrasting philosophies of Plato and Aristotle, tracing their influence on Western history from ancient Greece to modern times. The book provides a rich narrative that highlights the creative tension between these two foundational thinkers and their lasting impact on political, religious, and philosophical developments.

Thomas Reid's 'An Inquiry into the Human Mind on the Principles of Common Sense' is a cornerstone of common sense realism. It directly challenges the skepticism of David Hume, arguing against the radical doubt that undermines our everyday understanding of the world. Reid emphasizes the role of common sense beliefs as foundational to knowledge, asserting that these beliefs are not merely habitual but are inherent to our rational nature. The book explores the nature of perception, belief, and the mind's capacity for understanding. Reid's work significantly influenced subsequent philosophical discussions on epistemology and metaphysics.

In 'Essays on the Principles of Morality and Natural Religion', Lord Kames discusses the principles of morality and justice, countering moral skepticism and addressing the issue of human will. The work also delves into metaphysics and epistemology, offering a natural theology that emphasizes the trustworthiness of sense perceptions as a basis for belief in a benevolent Deity.