The Rise of the Roman Republic

The Roman Republic emerged after the overthrow of a monarchy in 509 BC, rooted in the myth of Romulus and Remus. Unlike other governance models, such as Athenian democracy, the Republic was structured to prevent any single person from gaining absolute power, instead relying on a Senate and dual consuls elected for one-year terms. The early Republic prioritized collective authority and established a complex political system to maintain stability and prevent tyranny. Over time, this system evolved to accommodate the growing influence and territorial expansion of Rome, driven by a fierce competition for military glory among the senatorial class.