Katherine M. Marino, "Feminism for the Americas: The Making of an International Human Rights Movement" (UNC Press, 2019)
Jan 3, 2024
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Katherine M. Marino, Assistant Professor of History at the University of California, Los Angeles, discusses the contributions of Latin American and Caribbean women in the 20th century who championed feminism and played a key role in defining international human rights. Topics include their advocacy for recognizing women's biological role in human rights, US feminists' support in Latin America, the emergence and impact of popular front pan American feminism, the struggle for women's rights in the framework of human rights, and Latin American women's impact on the international human rights movement.
Latin American and Caribbean women played a crucial role in shaping the international human rights movement by championing feminism, demanding equal work and maternity rights, and rejecting US imperialism.
The Latin American feminist movement united diverse groups and individuals to challenge US feminist imperialism, advocate for a broader definition of feminism, and push for the inclusion of economic and social rights in the global human rights framework.
Deep dives
Latin American and Caribbean women shaped the international human rights movement
In this podcast episode, Catherine M. Marino discusses her book, 'Feminism for the Americas: The Making of an International Human Rights Movement,' which explores the role of Latin American and Caribbean women in shaping the international human rights movement in the first half of the 20th century. These women championed feminism in their countries, fought for women's suffrage, and contributed to the definition of international human rights. They focused on demands for equal work, maternity rights, and self-determination, rejecting US imperialism. However, their efforts faced challenges due to internal conflicts, insufficient funding, and imperial assumptions from US feminists. Despite these obstacles, they succeeded in including women's rights in the global human rights framework and ensuring the importance of economic and social rights.
Latin American feminists forge alliances and challenge US feminist imperialism
The Latin American feminist movement was not a monolithic entity, but rather a collection of diverse groups and individuals with different political beliefs. Despite their differences, Latin American feminists worked together to challenge US feminist imperialism and define their own vision of feminism. They forged alliances with each other and sought Latin American leadership in the Pan-American feminist movement. These feminists resisted the exclusive definition of feminism promoted by US feminists and pushed for a broader movement that included social and economic rights. Their efforts at unity and activism were critical to the success of the movement.
Doris Stevens and her problematic control over the Inter-American Commission on Women
Doris Stevens, a prominent US feminist, played a significant role in the Inter-American Commission on Women. However, her control over the commission and her exclusionary agenda caused tensions among Latin American feminists. Stevens focused solely on women's suffrage and equal rights under the law, disregarding other important issues such as maternity legislation and economic rights. She also controlled the funding of the commission, denying financial support to Latin American commissioners and favoring those who aligned with her goals. Stevens' attitude and assumptions about Latin America and women's needs were seen as problematic, leading to resistance and calls for her removal as the head of the commission.
Latin American feminists push for the inclusion of women's rights in the global human rights framework
Latin American feminists played a crucial role in advocating for the inclusion of women's rights in the global human rights framework. They understood the importance of women's rights as integral to human rights and pushed for their recognition. While US feminists initially resisted these efforts, Latin American feminists succeeded in getting women's rights incorporated into various international agreements, including the United Nations Charter and the Universal Declaration of Human Rights. Their advocacy helped shape the concepts of human rights and paved the way for future advancements in women's rights around the world.
Katherine M. Marino is an assistant professor of history at the University of California, Los Angeles. Feminism for the Americas: The Making of an International Human Rights Movement (University of North Carolina Press, 2019) follows the many Latin American and Caribbean women in the first half of the century who not only championed feminism for the continent but also contributed to defining the meaning of international human rights. They drove a transnational movement for women’s suffrage that included equal work and maternity rights and the self-determination of their nations rejecting U.S. imperialism. Marino draws attention to the enduring contributions of women such as the Brazilian Bertha Lutz, Cuban Clara Gonzales and Chilean Marta Vergara who have yet to receive a significant place in human rights history. The work of Latin American and Caribbean feminist was impeded by internal race and class conflict, insufficient funding, lack of government support and by imperial assumptions of U.S. feminists. Their tenacious efforts through multiple organizations, gatherings, and personal networks led to the inclusion of women’s rights in the global human rights framework and assured that economic and social rights would not be sidelined. The book also illuminates the ideological differences that have plagued the global feminist movement and adds a significant piece to the history of human rights.
Lilian Calles Barger, www.lilianbarger.com, is a cultural, intellectual and gender historian. Her most recent book is entitled The World Come of Age: An Intellectual History of Liberation Theology (Oxford University Press, 2018). Her current research project is on the intellectual history of feminism seen through the emblematic life and work of Simone de Beauvoir.