In this engaging discussion, Judea Pearl, a UCLA professor and Turing Award winner, dives deep into the mathematics of causality and its implications for artificial intelligence. They explore the complexities of understanding causation versus correlation, emphasizing how AI needs to grasp these concepts for true intelligence. The conversation critiques historical views on causation and touches on provocative ideas about free will and consciousness, challenging listeners to rethink their understanding of decision-making and the nature of reality.