Greg Epstein, "Tech Agnostic: How Technology Became the World's Most Powerful Religion, and Why It Desperately Needs a Reformation" (MIT Press, 2024)
Oct 30, 2024
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Greg Epstein, Harvard and MIT’s humanist chaplain and author, explores how technology has become a modern religion, impacting our daily lives and societal structures. He likens tech influencers to religious leaders, discussing the need for a critical reassessment of our dependence on technology. Epstein delves into the ethical implications of advancements, critiques meritocracy in tech, and highlights the voices of marginalized groups. He advocates for an agnostic approach that balances appreciation and skepticism towards technology's role in shaping human experiences.
Technology has evolved into a religious-like phenomenon, influencing societal values and behaviors in a manner resembling organized religion.
Greg Epstein critiques the philanthropic practices of tech leaders, suggesting they often serve more to elevate their status than to enact genuine societal change.
The tech industry's power hierarchies replicate religious structures, prioritizing affluent male leaders while marginalizing diverse voices and experiences.
Deep dives
The Role of Humanist Chaplaincy
Greg Epstein's work as a humanist chaplain at Harvard and MIT emphasizes the importance of ethical guidance in a secular context. He assists students and faculty in navigating existential concerns, highlighting the growing non-religious population seeking meaning and community. This background has informed his writing, particularly in understanding the psychological needs surrounding belief systems. Epstein's position illustrates the need for supportive frameworks for individuals exploring their values outside traditional religious doctrines.
Technology as a New Religion
Epstein presents technology as a dominant contemporary force, likening its influence to that of organized religion. He argues that tech has become a 'religious empire,' shaping societal values and individual behaviors akin to traditional belief systems. This transformation has led to a culture where tech figures are viewed as new prophets, controlling narratives around progress and morality. The comparison to historical religious structures raises questions about the societal implications of uncritical adoption of technology.
Theologies and Doctrines of Tech
In discussing the theology of technology, Epstein identifies core narratives that drive tech behavior, such as the belief in progress and the promise of solutions to human problems. He notes how the 'hockey stick graph' serves as a symbol of aspiration and success in the tech world, suggesting an almost religious faith in growth and innovation. Additionally, figures like Anthony Lewandowski illustrate how some technologists perceive themselves as creators of a new divinity through artificial intelligence. These aspects highlight the ethical implications of treating technology as a primary authority in shaping human experiences.
Philanthropy in Tech
Epstein critiques the practice of philanthropy within the tech landscape, depicting it as a form of self-aggrandizement rather than true altruism. This is embodied in the tendency of wealthy tech leaders to donate large sums while perpetuating harmful practices within their companies. Effective altruism, as discussed, often reflects a disconnect between intent and impact, prioritizing data-driven metrics over genuine social needs. Epstein challenges the notion of effective altruism by exploring the potential harms of leveraging wealth to dictate societal benefits.
Hierarchies Within the Tech Religion
The podcast reveals the pronounced hierarchies present within the tech industry, akin to religious structures classifying followers. Epstein identifies who holds power — predominantly wealthy, male, and often white individuals — and the consequences for marginalized groups within this ecosystem. The comparison to religious casting critiques how these hierarchies dictate access to resources and influence. This analysis prompts a reflection on equity in tech and the need for accountability among its leaders.
Technology has surpassed religion as the central focus of our lives, from our dependence on smartphones to the way that tech has infused almost every aspect of our lives including our homes, our relationships, and even our bodies. Beyond these practical matters, Tech has become a religion with multiple sects who follow their own beliefs, practices, hierarchies, and visions of heaven and hell. There are zealous prophets and humble servants, messiahs and visions of a coming apocalypse.
In Tech Agnostic: How Technology Became the World's Most Powerful Religion, and Why It Desperately Needs a Reformation (MIT Press, 2024), Harvard and MIT’s humanist chaplain Greg Epstein approaches Tech with the perspective of a critical thinker who is fascinated by technical innovation and also questions the worth of those advancements in human terms. He places the current faith in Tech in historical and personal context by examining the skeptics, mystics, heretics, and whistleblowers who embody the reform mindset he believes we desperately need.
Epstein argues for demanding that technology serve the development of human lives that are worth living rather than the extreme "up and to the right" transactional approach that is often rewarded in our current age of capitalism.
In this age of global technology worship, Greg Epstein presents the case for taking an agnostic view, one that can both appreciate the benefits of Tech and also remain skeptical about some of the more outlandish claims and seductive promises.
Author recommended reading:
Data Feminism by Catherine D'Ignazio and Lauren F. Klein