Ed Glaeser, a Harvard Professor of Economics and author of Triumph of the City, discusses the challenges in rebuilding Los Angeles, particularly the Pacific Palisades after devastating fires. He examines the complexities of zoning laws and the impact of insurance fraud on pricing. Glaeser advocates for innovative redesigns to increase urban density and improve resilience. The conversation highlights the need for effective fire safety regulations and community responsibility, while promoting a pragmatic, compassionate approach to urban recovery and development.
Rebuilding Los Angeles post-fires presents opportunities for urban redesign, but political resistance complicates enabling greater density and affordability.
The insurance market's response to disaster reflects economic challenges, highlighting the need for fair practices to ensure resilient recovery strategies.
Deep dives
The Resilience of Cities
Cities often recover from catastrophic events more effectively than expected, as demonstrated by historical examples such as the aftermath of World War II in Japan. Research indicates that cities can regain their pre-disaster growth trajectories, suggesting that the destruction caused by natural disasters, like the recent fires in Los Angeles, may not lead to permanent scars. While the Pacific Palisades fire resulted in significant damage, with loss of 12,000 to 20,000 structures, this represents a small fraction of the overall housing market. The inherent value of Los Angeles real estate lies in its desirability as a metropolitan area, indicating strong demand for rebuilding efforts.
The Challenges of Urban Rebuilding
Rebuilding after a disaster presents both opportunities and obstacles, particularly regarding zoning laws and existing property rights. There is a potential to redesign urban areas for greater density and affordability, yet political challenges and the rights of current landowners complicate this. Local governments often resist bold changes due to the fears of transforming established neighborhoods, which can halt innovative rebuilding efforts. The ongoing permitting process adds further delays, foreshadowing a lengthy recovery despite the chance for a fresh start in urban planning.
Insurance and Economic Implications
The fires' impact on insurance markets reflects broader economic consequences that can shape recovery strategies. Many homeowners rely on state-supported insurance, creating a moral hazard where those without proper coverage may take less care in preventing further damage. The disparity between insured and uninsured risks exacerbates the challenges in managing community-wide responses to disasters, particularly concerning fire safety regulations. Moving forward, establishing fair insurance practices and regulatory frameworks will be crucial in preventing future catastrophes and ensuring a more resilient built environment.
Ed Glaeser is a Professor of Economics at Harvard and the author of Triumph of the City. I want to learn from Ed what the key issues are for rebuilding of the Pacific Palisades. How long will it take to for the victims of the fires to move in? What the implications are for permitting and zoning, and should the residents opt for a major redesign of the entire city by increasing density.