Joanna Allan, "Silenced Resistance: Women, Dictatorships, and Genderwashing in Western Sahara and Equatorial Guinea" (U Wisconsin Press, 2019)
Sep 20, 2024
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Joanna Allan, an author and expert on resistance movements, discusses her research on the roles of women in the oppressive regimes of Western Sahara and Equatorial Guinea. She sheds light on the phenomenon of 'genderwashing' and how it co-opts women's rights under authoritarian rule. Allan emphasizes the importance of recognizing women's significant contributions in anti-colonial struggles while navigating complex issues of race, class, and gender. Through historical and current perspectives, she highlights the resilience of women amid brutal dictatorship and ongoing fights for equality.
Joanna Allan emphasizes the crucial role of gender in understanding both the structures of authoritarian power and the nature of resistance movements in Equatorial Guinea and Western Sahara.
The podcast highlights that despite different dominant gender dynamics in resistance movements, women’s often understated contributions significantly shape the struggle against oppressive regimes.
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The Role of Gender in Resistance and Oppression
The dynamic interplay between gender and resistance is explored, highlighting how women’s contributions to anti-colonial struggles have often been overlooked. The narrative emphasizes that resistance can manifest in various forms, not solely through overt actions like protests. This perspective argues that the absence of visible resistance doesn't equate to passive submission, as many women continue to resist in less documented ways. The book calls for a recognition of the essential roles women play in these movements, advocating for their histories to be integral parts of the broader discourse.
Colonization and Its Gendered Impacts
The history of Spanish colonization in both Equatorial Guinea and Western Sahara reveals significant differences in their colonial experiences. In Equatorial Guinea, the Spanish employed a brutal strategy, enforcing cultural assimilation and physical exploitation, while in Western Sahara, colonization was more economically driven and less forceful. Despite these variations, both regions faced detrimental effects linked to gender constructs imposed by colonial powers. This analysis underscores the necessity of examining the enduring legacy of colonialism through a gendered lens.
Emergence of Grassroots Activism
Contemporary activists are spotlighted for their efforts in fighting for human rights and self-determination, with figures like Amina Tuhaidar representing resilience against authoritarianism. Through her commitment to non-violence and international advocacy, Tuhaidar has gained recognition as a pivotal voice in the Sahrawi human rights movement. Similarly, activists from Equatorial Guinea are discussed as they confront oppressive regimes, exemplifying the intersection of gender and national liberation. The narrative highlights the personal risks these individuals take while striving for social change, drawing attention to the broader implications of their struggles.
Spain's former African colonies-Equatorial Guinea and Western Sahara-share similar histories. Both are under the thumbs of heavy-handed, postcolonial regimes, and are known by human rights organizations as being among the worst places in the world with regard to oppression and lack of civil liberties. Yet the resistance movement in one is dominated by women, the other by men.
In Silenced Resistance: Women, Dictatorships, and Genderwashing in Western Sahara and Equatorial Guinea (U Wisconsin Press, 2029), Joanna Allan demonstrates why we should foreground gender as key for understanding both authoritarian power projection and resistance. She brings an ethnographic component to a subject that has often been looked at through the lens of literary studies to examine how concerns for equality and women's rights can be co-opted for authoritarian projects. She reveals how Moroccan and Equatoguinean regimes, in partnership with Western states and corporations, conjure a mirage of promoting equality while simultaneously undermining women's rights in a bid to cash in on oil, minerals, and other natural resources. This genderwashing, along with historical local, indigenous, and colonially imposed gender norms mixed with Western misconceptions about African and Arab gender roles, plays an integral role in determining the shape and composition of public resistance to authoritarian regimes.