Celebration and fear: Syria's new leadership explained
Dec 9, 2024
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In this discussion, Professor Greg Barton, Chair in Global Islamic Politics at Deakin University, sheds light on Syria's recent political upheaval after the fall of Bashar al-Assad. He explores the mix of celebration and fear among citizens, highlighting the role of rebel groups like Hayat Tahir al-Sham in shaping future governance. Barton also addresses the complex landscape of oppression under the Assad regime, the influence of key allies like Russia and Iran, and the significant challenges and opportunities ahead for rebuilding Syria.
The fall of Bashar al-Assad's regime has sparked celebration among Syrians, symbolizing a pivotal shift towards potential reform after decades of oppression.
The future governance in Syria faces uncertainty, with the HTS promising a moderate approach amidst skepticism and the challenge of integrating diverse communities.
Deep dives
Significance of Assad's Regime Collapse
The recent fall of Bashar al-Assad's regime in Syria marks a pivotal moment after over 54 years of autocratic rule. The regime's sudden collapse is seen as a cause for celebration among many Syrians and international observers, offering a historic opportunity for reform and governance. Led by the Hayat Tahir al-Sham (HTS) group, which claims to have reformed and practiced good governance in its controlled areas, the hope is that a new administration can emerge that reflects the pluralistic nature of Syria. While the situation is still rife with uncertainty, the transition away from a brutal dictatorship presents both possibilities and risks for the future of the nation and its citizens.
Life Under the Assad Regime
Under the Assad family's rule, life for Syrians was marked by brutality and fear, characterized by severe crackdowns on dissent and widespread political imprisonment. The regime targeted various groups, fostering a climate where even minor expressions of opposition could lead to torture or execution. The infamous prisons, known for their inhumane conditions, have left a deep scar on the national psyche, as families lived in constant fear of reprisal. The abusive nature of the regime compelled many Syrians to view the HTS-led rebel coalition as the lesser of two evils, despite its controversial origins.
Future Prospects and Challenges
As Syria faces a new chapter, the focus shifts to governance and the integration of diverse communities in a potentially federal structure. HTS leader Abu Muhammad al-Jolani has promised a more moderate approach, advocating for a government that represents all Syrians, which many view with skepticism given HTS's history. The success of this transition hinges on international engagement and a commitment to rebuilding the devastated nation while ensuring accountability for past atrocities. With millions of Syrian refugees looking to return, the rebuilding process presents both an opportunity for stability in Syria and a chance for neighboring countries like Lebanon to follow suit.
Rebel forces in Syria captured the capital over the weekend in a move that saw the nation’s president, Bashar al-Assad, flee the country.
It comes after a 13-year civil war and over five decades of his family’s brutal autocratic rule.
The news has been widely welcomed by those living in the country, who are celebrating liberation – a similar sentiment echoed on the streets back here in Australia. But how did we get here and who steps in now that a dictator has been toppled?
In this episode of The Briefing, Chris Spyrou speaks with Chair in Global Islamic Politics at Deakin University, Professor Greg Barton to discuss.