Kate McDonald on Asian Mobility History as Labor History
Jul 29, 2024
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In this discussion, Kate McDonald, an Associate Professor of History at UC Santa Barbara, explores Asian mobility from a labor perspective. She examines the history of human-powered transport, particularly rickshaws in Japan, and critiques the narratives of mechanization that overlook worker experiences. McDonald shares insights from her research projects, revealing how transportation has shaped labor movements and economic structures. Additionally, she reflects on the complex interplay of mobility, identity, and historical narratives in the context of colonialism.
The podcast emphasizes the need to challenge Western-centric narratives in technology, especially regarding the history of mobility and labor in Asia.
Kate McDonald discusses the importance of human-powered transportation, like the rickshaw, as a vital part of urban life amid modern mechanization.
The conversation highlights the labor movements of rickshaw pullers in Japan, advocating for workers' rights and a redefined notion of public good in transportation.
Deep dives
Critiquing Naval Gazing Scholarship
Many narratives about technology are often shaped by a Western-centric perspective, leading to a self-referential focus that ignores diverse contexts. This tendency, referred to as 'navel gazing scholarship', is highlighted as a significant issue, particularly in rich nations like the United States. The podcast discusses how triumphalist tales of technological progress often oversimplify complex historical realities, such as the enduring use of horses in labor into the 20th century, contrary to common narratives about the rise of the automobile. By broadening the scope of inquiry, we can appreciate the persistence of older technologies and practices that challenge the linear narratives of progress.
The Persistence of Human-Powered Transport
The discussion centers around the enduring relevance of human-powered transportation, specifically the rickshaw, in Japan throughout the 20th century. This form of transport not only serves as a reminder of traditional practices but also reflects ongoing debates about modernization and efficiency. The rickshaw continues to play a vital role in urban settings, emphasizing the coexistence of human labor alongside mechanized solutions. This phenomenon symbolically represents humanity's historical reliance on labor power in contrast to a narrative solely centered on mechanization.
Labor Movements and Transportation
Rickshaw pullers in Japan have historically advocated for their livelihoods, criticizing neoliberal notions that equate transportation efficiency with public good. Their protests in the early 1900s, sparked by civic policies favoring mechanized transport systems, highlight the tension between labor rights and urban development. The podcast illustrates how labor movements have continually sought acknowledgment within transportation planning, challenging prevailing assumptions that overlook workers' rights. This ongoing struggle emphasizes the need to redefine the concept of public good to include the welfare of transport workers.
Rethinking Innovation and Values
The conversation navigates through the conventional understanding of innovation, asserting that it should encompass social change alongside technological advancements. Historical perspectives often treat innovation as a purely economic measure, neglecting the significance of worker agency in shaping transportation systems. By incorporating the labor organizing efforts of transport workers as a form of innovation, the podcast calls for an expanded understanding of what constitutes progress. This perspective urges reconsideration of transportation policies and their broader implications for social equity and worker rights.
Cultural Narratives and Historical Context
Throughout the podcast, it is argued that cultural narratives about transportation must be re-evaluated within their historical contexts to reveal deeper implications. This includes examining how transportation has been represented in education, public discourse, and policies that dictate infrastructure development. The presenter contends that the persistent portrayal of transportation as a linear progress narrative simplifies the complex interplay of social factors influencing mobility. By challenging these narratives and providing a more nuanced view, we can foster a richer understanding of transportation's role in shaping societal structures.
Peoples & Things host, Lee Vinsel, talks to Kate McDonald, Associate Professor of History at University of California, Santa Barbara, about her fascinating research on the history of mobility in Asia and how it looks different when we approach it as a history of work and labor. The pair traverse McDonald’s career from her current project, The Rickshaw and the Railroad: Human-Powered Transport in the Age of the Machine, to her first book,Placing Empire: Travel and the Social Imagination in Imperial Japan (U California Press, 2017) to digital humanities projects she has helped lead. Along the way, they talk about the craft of historical research and what we can learn by revisiting classic texts with mobility and the work of transportation in mind.