#29 Does The Old Testament Condone Rape and Genocide? With Paul Copan
Aug 12, 2018
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In this discussion, Paul Copan, a theologian and philosophy professor at Palm Beach Atlantic University, tackles tough questions about the Old Testament. He examines why some perceive a discrepancy between the God of the Old and New Testaments. Copan addresses claims that the text condones violence and oppression, providing insights on hyperbolic language and historical contexts. He also discusses how to equip the next generation to face skepticism and offers nuanced interpretations of divine commands, aiming to clarify misconceptions around morality in ancient societies.
Dr. Paul Copan argues that the harsh narratives found in the Old Testament are often misunderstood due to their use of hyperbolic language and historical context.
The podcast highlights that certain Old Testament laws, often viewed as brutal, aimed to provide dignity and care for women in ancient Near Eastern society.
Deep dives
Exploring Violence in the Old Testament
The podcast delves into the controversy surrounding the perceived violence in the Old Testament and how some view the God depicted in these texts as angry or vindictive compared to the more loving portrayal of God in the New Testament through Jesus. The guest, Dr. Paul Copan, argues that the allegations made by atheists, like Richard Dawkins, misrepresent the complexities of the Old Testament narratives. By drawing attention to the use of hyperbolic language in ancient war texts, Copan illustrates how descriptions of total annihilation often employed exaggeration rather than indicating actual events. He emphasizes the necessity to approach these texts with an understanding of historical context and the literary conventions of the time.
The Canaanite Conquest Revisited
The discussion addresses the controversial Canaanite conquest, often labeled as genocide by skeptics. Copan vehemently refutes the idea that the Israelites' actions constituted genocide, arguing that the divine commands were based on historical and spiritual contexts meant to preserve Israel's mission and integrity. He points out that God’s patience with the Canaanites exemplifies divine mercy, as He waited 500 years for their sins to reach a tipping point. Furthermore, he clarifies that the language found in the conquest accounts is often exaggerated hyperbole rather than literal instructions to wipe out entire populations.
Reinterpreting Biblical Commands
The podcast examines specific biblical commands that seem harsh or problematic, such as the instructions regarding women captured in war. Copan explains that these laws should be understood through the moral lens of the ancient Near East, where mercy was still afforded to women in desolate situations. Instead of treating them as mere spoils of war, the text reflects a framework in which the woman is given the opportunity to adjust to her new reality while maintaining dignity. By contextualizing these commands, he dismantles misconceptions around their perceived brutality and highlights the underlying principles of care inherent in the laws.
Clarifying Misunderstandings of Rape in Scripture
The podcast also tackles accusations that certain Old Testament verses condone rape, specifically focusing on Exodus 22. Copan argues that the text in question does not depict a typical rape scenario; rather, it addresses statutory rape within a cultural framework that lacked the legal recognitions present today. He emphasizes that the father holds the legal standing to make decisions but is expected to consider the well-being of the daughter, thus contradicting claims that women had no agency. This analysis encourages listeners to reassess their understanding of such verses in light of cultural and historical contexts.
There are some really difficult verses in the Bible...especially in the Old Testament. Why do some people think the God of the Old Testament is different from the God of the New Testament? Does the Old Testament condone things like rape, genocide, and the oppression of women? Today, Dr. Paul Copan was kind enough to sit in the hot seat and field questions about specific Bible verses that seem to support these things.
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