Sandy Trust, an actuary and lead author on papers linking economies to Earth systems, discusses alarming insights on the impending collapse of both our global economy and ecological systems if current trajectories persist. He critiques existing climate policies for their flawed risk assessments, stressing the urgency for a systems approach to understanding climate impacts. Trust also emphasizes the necessity for credible government policies and realistic carbon budgeting, warning of a potential 50% drop in GDP by 2050 due to climate change.
Current climate policies are fundamentally flawed, leading to underestimated risks that threaten both ecology and global economic stability.
An urgent need for government-driven policies is essential to effectively combat climate change and address systemic risks at all levels.
Deep dives
Rethinking Realistic Carbon Budgets
Current carbon budgets are outdated and unrealistic, undermining the goals set by the Paris Agreement. Even if net-zero emissions are reached by 2050, the world is still projected to exceed the desired temperature limits, leading to significant risks that may be underestimated. These difficulties arise partly from the inherent uncertainties within the Earth’s system, which highlight the need for a precautionary approach. If we ignore these risks, which is essentially what is happening now, we face a future where policies will fail to protect the planet adequately.
Understanding Extreme and Catastrophic Risks
The report emphasizes the importance of acknowledging potential extreme and catastrophic risk events resulting from escalating climate change. Using a risk management perspective, it proposes that experts must assess not only climate impacts but also their economic and societal consequences. For instance, systemic risks linked to climate change can lead to major economic downturns and mortality if the temperatures rise significantly. Establishing a risk taxonomy can help communicate these dangers effectively and stress the urgency of implementing strong policy measures.
The Flaws in Current Risk Assessment Methodologies
Flawed methodologies in climate policy lead to the underestimation of risks, often due to a tendency to analyze risks in isolation rather than understanding their systemic interconnections. For example, the underestimated consequences of tipping points in ecosystems result in misleading predictions about climate impacts. This reductionist mindset fosters what is termed 'willful blindness,' where policymakers ignore or downplay risks that may be too complex or unsettling to confront. Ultimately, this prevents necessary action from being taken to avert potentially devastating outcomes.
The Need for Policy-Driven Solutions
The podcast stresses that government-led policies are critical for effectively addressing climate change and must replace the existing market-driven approaches that have failed to mitigate risks. Historical evidence indicates that successful transitions towards sustainability have been policy-driven, not market-driven, which supports the need for immediate, coordinated governmental action. Additionally, there is a call for a significant shift in how carbon budgets are conceptualized and updated regularly to accurately reflect the dynamic reality of climate risks. This reinforces the idea that both policy adjustments and shifts in public consciousness will be essential to create a sustainable future.
Our global economy will also collapse by up to 50% before the end of this century if we continue as we are. That’s the latest diagnosis by an interdisciplinary team who are sounding the alarm that current national climate policies are not enough to mitigate the damage to ecology and economy. The Institute of the Faculty of Actuaries and the University of Exeter today published Planetary Solvency which warns that widely used but deeply flawed assessments of the economic impact of climate change render policymakers blind to the immense risk created by current trajectories.
Sandy Trust, actuary and co-author, joins me to explain how these flawed assessments play out in climate policies and an alternative methodology for calculating risk laid out in the report. This is Sandy’s second time on the show, as in 2023 he joined me to explain how the world of finance underestimates the destruction climate change will cause on our economy after 1.5 degrees of warming. The update is no less frightening—especially, as Sandy reveals, given policy makers have little interest in heeding the warnings of experts.
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