CRACKCast E173 – Infectious Diarrheal Disease and Dehydration

Core Questions:

1) What are three pathophysiologic types of diarrhea? Give an example of a cause for each.

2) List 6 common causes of childhood infectious diarrhea in developed countries.

3) List 5 important differential diagnoses of diarrhea in children.

4) List 5 important differential diagnoses of vomiting in children.

5) When should you initiate a medical evaluation of children with acute diarrhea?

6) Describe the typical presentation of:

• Rotavirus
• Norovirus
• Salmonella
• Shigella
• Yersinia
• E. Coli
• C. Difficile

7) List routine and high risk treatment recommendations for common bacteria causing acute infectious diarrhea in children:

• Salmonella non-typhi
• Salmonella typhi
• Shigella
• Campylobacter jejuni
• Yersinia enterocolitica
• C. Difficile
• Vibrio cholerae
• Vibrio parahaemolyticus
• E. Coli

8) List the presenting features and treatments for three common protozoa causing infectious diarrhea in children.

9) Define and describe your diagnosis and management approach to dehydration that is:

• Mild
• Moderate
• Severe
• Associated with Hypo/Hypernatremia

Wisecracks:

1) Name 5 causes of bloody diarrhea.

2) Other than vomiting and diarrhea from infectious gastroenteritis, list 6 causes of volume depletion.

3) Name the components of the Gorelick scale.

4) What’s the 4-2-1 rule?