

Leon Kass on How Exodus Created the Jewish National Narrative
Apr 17, 2025
Leon Kass, a prominent Jewish scholar known for his insights on bioethics and the Hebrew Bible, dives into the rich narrative of the Exodus. He unpacks how this ancient story shapes Jewish identity, exploring the character of Moses, the power of collective memory, and the moral courage of women in defiance of oppression. Kass reveals the three pillars of the Exodus narrative and discusses how storytelling is crucial for identity formation. He also examines the deeper spiritual transformations that accompany the Israelites' journey from slavery to freedom.
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Exodus' Three Pillars of Nationhood
- The Book of Exodus has three parts: enslavement and deliverance, covenant and law, and the building of the tabernacle.
- These correspond to a nation's founding pillars: a shared story, law, and spiritual aspiration.
Identity Through National Story
- A people’s identity is given by their shared history and culture, not self-created.
- A national story like Exodus forms collective memory binding the nation, recalled with reverence even if imperfect.
Oppression Defines a People
- Egypt transforms the Israelites from a prospering group to an oppressed people under a new Pharaoh.
- Pharaoh’s oppression defines the Israelites as a collective "people" for the first time in history.