Forward Thinking on the recipe for Asia’s success story with Justin Yifu Lin
Aug 15, 2023
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Justin Yifu Lin, dean of the Institute of New Structural Economics, discusses topics such as new structural economics, catching up for emerging economies, the future of globalization, and the momentum of the economies in China and Asia.
Understanding and capitalizing on a country's competitive advantages is crucial for successful economic development.
The shift towards a multipolar world with Asia's dynamic and innovative economies leading the way signals continued momentum and contribution to global economic growth.
Deep dives
The Flying Dragon: China's Leading Role in Economic Development
China, often referred to as the 'flying dragon,' has become a major economic powerhouse. This concept, coined by a Japanese economist, highlights China's leading role in economic development, which is far larger than the traditional metaphor of a flying goose. China's rise has been fueled by its focus on structural economics, a sub-discipline that emphasizes the importance of understanding and harnessing the qualitative differences that exist between developed and developing countries. By identifying and capitalizing on their competitive advantages, developing countries can bridge the income gap and achieve sustainable economic growth.
The Recipe for Development: Competitive Advantages and Institutions
According to Professor Lin, the recipe for successful economic development lies in understanding and utilizing a country's competitive advantages. By aligning industries and technologies with a country's factor endowments, such as capital, labor, and natural resources, countries can optimize their productivity and competitiveness. Market economy and well-functioning institutions are essential to enable entrepreneurs to make spontaneous choices based on competitive advantages. This market-driven approach, termed new structural economics, stands in contrast to earlier development theories, such as structuralism, which advocated imitating advanced industries without fully understanding the structural differences between developed and developing countries. The focus on competitive advantages, underpinned by market-oriented policies and supportive institutions, generates high savings, investments, and macroeconomic stability, propelling economic growth.
The Shift to a Multipolar World and Asia's Role
Professor Lin predicts that the world is on the verge of transitioning from a unipolar world dominated by a single power to a multipolar world with multiple influential players. The rise of China, with its economic size and potential, along with India's growing prominence, signals a shift towards a more balanced global order. With Asia's dynamic and innovative economies, such as China, Korea, Taiwan, and Singapore, leading the way, other Asian economies have also learned from their success and are following suit. As countries embrace their competitive advantages and benefit from global economic integration, Asia's momentum is expected to continue, contributing to global economic growth and stability.
Co-host Janet Bush talks with Justin Yifu Lin. Lin is dean of the Institute of New Structural Economics, dean of the Institute of South-South Cooperation and Development, and professor and honorary dean of the National School of Development at Peking University. He served as chief economist at the World Bank from 2008 to 2012, and he actually took up his World Bank position after serving for 15 years as professor and founding director of the China Center for Economic Research at Peking University. In this podcast, he covers topics including the following:
What is new structural economics?
How can emerging economies catch up?
Is globalization going into reverse?
Will the economies of China and Asia maintain momentum?