My guest is Dr. Herman Pontzer, Ph.D., a professor of evolutionary anthropology and global health at Duke University, known for his research on human bioenergetics, particularly energy expenditure and the exercise paradox. We discuss his work comparing highly active hunter-gatherer groups to more sedentary cultures, exploring their total energy expenditure and the surprising similarities.
We examine the impact of factors such as age, sex, exercise, and pregnancy on daily energy expenditure. We also break down whether diet or exercise plays a greater role in weight management and weight loss.
Additionally, we explore how genetics and the environment interact to shape human physiology, highlighting how population-level findings often overlook individual variation and emphasizing the need for medical and diagnostic practices to account for this diversity.
Read the full episode show notes at performpodcast.com.
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Timestamps
00:00:00 Dr. Herman Pontzer
00:01:18 Energy Expenditure & Metabolism
00:03:59 Hunter-Gatherers, Energy Expenditure vs Sedentary Cultures
00:07:19 What is Energy Expenditure?; Maintaining Energy Budget
00:13:42 Sponsors: David Protein & LMNT
00:16:23 Weight Gain; Calories In, Calories Out
00:22:18 Exercise & Calories Burned, Energy Expenditure Changes?
00:29:56 Movement Efficiency, Exercise & Metabolism Research
00:37:55 Metabolic Recalibration & Exercise Threshold
00:43:33 Hunter-Gatherer Groups, Energy Expenditure, Fertility
00:47:23 Sponsors: AG1 & Renaissance Periodization
00:49:53 Pregnancy & Energy; Overtraining, Relative Energy Deficiency Syndrome (REDs)
00:57:37 Metabolism “Slowing Down”, Age or Sex Differences?
01:04:22 Metabolism & Age, Puberty, Older Adults
01:11:51 Body Composition, Individual Food Intake
01:16:49 Sponsor: Eight Sleep
01:18:12 Anthropology, Natural Fallacy, Diversity & Adaptations, Physical Activity
01:27:59 Population, Individual Variation, Diversity, Race
01:34:33 Kidney, eGFR Calculation; Clinical Equations & Race
01:40:51 Genetics, Diversity, Populations; Genetic Testing
01:49:29 One-to-One Gene Fallacy, Height, Environment, Diversity
01:51:20 Height & Weight, Genetics & Environment Interplay
01:56:31 Science Literacy & Research; Diabetes, Heart Disease & Race
02:02:33 Diversity, Physiology & Medicine, EMT
02:07:08 Upcoming Projects, Metabolic Ceilings
02:09:39 Metabolism, Diet & Exercise, Individual Approach
02:14:57 Crash Metabolism?, Herman’s Links
02:17:30 Zero-Cost Support, YouTube, Spotify & Apple Subscribe & Reviews, Sponsors, YouTube Feedback, Social Media, Perform Newsletter
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