This chapter explores the different module formats used in JavaScript, including immediately invoked function format, AMD module format, CommonJS module format, and UMD module format. It discusses the challenges and differences between the ES2015 module syntax and the CommonJS module syntax, as well as the benefits of using ESM (ECMAScript Modules). The chapter also delves into the various ways of defining how a package works and is imported, and the challenges of package dependencies upstream.

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