Secularism and Its Societal Impact

This chapter explores the clash between Judeo-Christian beliefs and secularism, tracing its roots back to the French Enlightenment and key figures like Nietzsche, Marx, and Rousseau. It discusses the influence of the Frankfurt School, the crisis of secularism in the Western and Muslim worlds, and the challenges of integrating diverse beliefs in societies. The chapter also delves into the impact of ideologies on societal norms and values, emphasizing the importance of a moral consensus and civil society in preventing tyranny.