The Contradiction Between Time and Cosmology

Most of my life has been about quantum gravity, making the quantum theory of gravity. And in quantum gravity, we apply quantum mechanics to the equations of Einstein's theory of general relativity. We come up with a theory that has no time fundamentally. Time is nowhere in the fundamental equations of quantum cosmology. So for many years I had these two parallel things going on: one in which laws were evolving in time, and the other in which time was emerging from laws. It took me a long time to realize that there was a contradiction between those two stories.