Introduction

A hyper tensive emergency is defined as a significant elevation and blood pressure with signs of new end organ damage or disfunction. Hyper tension affects roughly 30 % of the population and is the most common modifiable risk factor of cardio vascular disease and premature deaths world wide. It is estimated that of patients who have hyper tension, one to two percent will develop hyper tensive urgency or emergency. The underlying mechanism of hyper tensive emergencies is poorly understood, but it is believed that the elevated blood pressure place significant stress on the vasculature,. causing thelial injury and inflammation which ultimately results in organ hypo profusion and cerebral edema.