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Chinese Whispers: Life in a changing China

Best of the Spectator

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The Impacts of the Hukou System on Education and Mobility in China

This chapter explores the dual citizenship system in China known as hukou, revealing how it creates disparities in access to essential services like education for urban and rural residents. It also sheds light on the challenges faced by 'left behind' children, highlighting the long-term impact on their opportunities and generational mobility.

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