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Dr. Louise Owen from Royal Women's Hospital Melbourne presents the AEROPLANE trial comparing 21% versus 30% oxygen for 32-35 week infants at birth. This understudied cohort represents 80% of preterm births globally. Using cluster randomization with waived consent, the trial captured real-world practice across centers. Infants receiving 30% oxygen required less delivery room intervention including assisted ventilation, intubation, and chest compressions. Three-quarters of infants needing initial support continued requiring respiratory support beyond delivery. Both groups ultimately received average oxygen in the 50s, suggesting moderate preterm infants may behave more like very preterm rather than term babies regarding oxygen needs.
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