Acts Ordered to the Good of Nature Without God's Saving Grace

The chapter delves into Aquinas' belief on the possibility of performing acts that are neither sinful nor motivated by supernatural love for God, examining the cultivation of natural virtues, impact of original sin, and necessity of God's saving grace for salvation. The example of the Spartan king Leonidas and his men defending Thermopylae is used to explore actions that may lie in a middle ground.