Can You Manipulate Kids Expectations?

Gold: Sometimes use delay of gratification tasks in order to assess how well adapted a kid is for the world. He and Holly Palmeri designed a task where they randomly assigned them to one of two conditions. They were offered art materials, then if they were willing to wait after someone disclosed amount of time we said we had bigger better stuffs. When kids had experience that waiting would pay off when they had that expectation they waited the whole time. Gold: There's not a benefit to having executive function that couldn't serve you in some way.