The Failures of the Italian Revolution in the 1820s and 1830s

Francis IV seemed amenable right up to the last minute, but when Menotti led the Carbonary revolutionaries out into the open in February of 1831, Francis decided it was too risky. King Louis Philippe then refused to follow through on his old promises of support after receiving a withering death stare from Metronic. The aborted revolution having come to nothing, Menotti was executed by firing squad and became an early martyr for Resor gimento.