Emperors vs. Popes
Half-Hour History: Secrets of the Medieval World
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The Importance of Authority in the Church
There's some ambiguity built in here that's not going to help the church. It takes us back to this notion that we saw with Justinian of sacred kingship and the iconography of political theology. The particular problem, it really comes together around the 1040s when there are three or four people claiming to be the true pope.
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