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Chapter 3: The Rise of the Global Empires

The Industrial Revolutions

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The Evolution of Slavery

When the Portuguese set up new plantations at Soutome, near the Equator, the nature of slavery changed. Demand for cheap labor outgrew the availability of it. Queen Isabella was personally horrified that Columbus was enslaving people he found in the West Indies. By 1503, the Spanish crown had offered an alternative system, the Encomienda system. But we never got a wide-scale transatlantic, amor-Indian slave trade.

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