Exploring the interplay of material and ideational factors in Imperialism, the chapter discusses the British Empire's strategic interests in Palestine and the concept of settler colonialism in the context of Zionism. It delves into the ideological motivations behind British support for Zionism, Palestinian anti-colonial politics, and comparisons between French Algeria and Palestine. The chapter also highlights the historical context of land acquisitions and the deep relationship between Algeria and Palestine in their struggles for independence.