The Vicious Circle: Aristocracy, Oligarchy, Democracy, and Tyranny
New Polity
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The Paradox of Utopian Cities
This chapter examines the complexities of a self-sufficient city ideal, contrasting notions of peace with the inevitable external threats it faces. It explores the philosophical transitions in governance, examining how the decline of political regimes, particularly from oligarchy to tyranny, reflects the inherent flaws of human nature. Additionally, it discusses the societal implications of wealth disparities and the emergence of criminal classes within these structures, highlighting the fragility of utopian visions.
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