The Kitchen Cartel: Pure Food & Drug Act 1906
Conflicted: A History Podcast
In the Middle Ages, Bread Was a Serious Business
As early as 802 a d the frankish emperor charlemagne had issued what was probably the first edict against fraudulent wine in the post classical age. In 13 64, a ventner named john penrose was accused of selling bad or adulterated wine. He was hauled before the mayor of london, forced to drink a cup of his own wine and then promptly kicked out of town and forbidden to ever make wine again. Bakers in the middle ages were required to imprint their seal into every individual loaf of bread they baked so that if a customer noticed any adulteration or undesirable qualities in the dough, they could trace it back to the man who baked it. Spices
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