The Problem of Federalism in the Process of Spanish American Independence

The critical port city of guayaquil for example, wanted no part of being ruled by quito. And here i want to make a broader point, because as we will see time and time again, there was just very little solidarity between cities adjacent to one another. The problem of federalism will not only prove simon bolivar's dream of a united south america to be a complete pantasy, but it would also fatally undermine his even more modest vision, a united grand columbia. So these first cries of liberty, though, were silenced by the end of 18 o nine.