Nikesh Arora is one of the most fascinating CEOs in tech.

He didn’t come up through cybersecurity. He wasn’t a founder. And when he took over Palo Alto Networks, he openly admits he didn’t know what cybersecurity even meant. Today, under his leadership, Palo Alto has become one of the most successful platform companies in enterprise software.

In this episode, Nikesh and I go deep on what it actually means to be a modern CEO. We talk about why founders should sometimes not listen to customers, why most M&A fails, and how Palo Alto built a multi-platform business by betting big (and early) on second acts. Nikesh breaks down his very unconventional approach to acquisitions, where founders run the acquiring company’s teams, not the other way around. He explains how platform companies are built one decisive product insight at a time, why “more features” is often a trap, and how great CEOs balance product obsession with go-to-market reality. We also spend time on leadership psychology: imposter syndrome, conviction, risk appetite, and how to project confidence while you’re still figuring things out, and how to remain physically and emotionally healthy while you do it.

If you’re a founder, an operator, or an aspiring CEO thinking about second acts, platforms, or scaling yourself along with your company, this episode is a masterclass.

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